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kilometre (km) or kilometer is a metric unit used, outside the US, to measure the length of a journey; the international statute mile (mi) is used in the US; 1 mi = 1.609344 km. nautical mile is rarely used to derive units of transportation quantity.
Braking distance is not to be confused with stopping sight distance. The latter is a road alignment visibility standard that provides motorists driving at or below the design speed an assured clear distance ahead (ACDA) which exceeds a safety factor distance that would be required by a slightly or nearly negligent driver to stop under a worst ...
distance per vehicle per unit fuel mass; e.g., km/kg. distance per vehicle per unit energy; e.g., miles per gallon equivalent (mpg-e). Energy consumption (reciprocal efficiency) is expressed terms of fuel consumption: volume of fuel (or total energy) consumed per unit distance per vehicle; e.g. l/100 km or MJ/100 km.
The international roughness index ( IRI) is the roughness index most commonly obtained from measured longitudinal road profiles. It is calculated using a quarter-car vehicle math model, whose response is accumulated to yield a roughness index with units of slope (in/mi, m/km, etc.). [1] [2] Although a universal term, IRI is calculated per ...
Aitken (1977) assumes that 1 h takes to cover 3 mi (5 km) on paths, tracks and roads, while this is reduced to 2½ mi (4 km) on all other surfaces. For both distances he gives an additional 1 h per 2000 ft (600 m) of ascent. So Aitken doesn't take into account equivalence between distance and climb (proposed by Scarf in 1998).
Odometer. An electronic odometer (below speedometer) with digital display showing 91,308 miles (146,946 km) from a Jeep Grand Cherokee (WJ) An odometer or odograph is an instrument used for measuring the distance traveled by a vehicle, such as a bicycle or car. The device may be electronic, mechanical, or a combination of the two ...
The kilometre per hour (SI symbol: km/h; non-SI abbreviations: kph, km/hr) is a unit of speed, expressing the number of kilometres travelled in one hour. History [ edit ] Although the metre was formally defined in 1799, the term "kilometres per hour" did not come into immediate use – the myriametre ( 10,000 metres ) and myriametre per hour ...
d MT = braking distance, m (ft) V = design speed, km/h (mph) a = deceleration rate, m/s 2 (ft/s 2) Actual braking distances are affected by the vehicle type and condition, the incline of the road, the available traction, and numerous other factors. A deceleration rate of 3.4 m/s 2 (11.2 ft/s 2) is used to determine stopping sight distance.
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