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The Imperial Japanese Army [a] (IJA) was the principal ground force of the Empire of Japan.Forming one of the military branches of the Imperial Japanese Armed Forces (IJAF), it was controlled by the Imperial Japanese Army General Staff Office and the Army Ministry, both of which were nominally subordinate to the Emperor of Japan, the supreme commander of IJAF.
At the outbreak of the Second World War, the basic structure of the Imperial Japanese Army was as follows: Imperial Army (~230,000–250,000 men) – Commanded by Marshal HIH Prince Kan-in-Kotohito. General Army (総軍 Sō-gun equivalent to the Army Group or Front) – Commanded by a Marshal or General. Area Army (方面軍 Hōmen-gun 1942 ...
The Imperial Japanese Armed Forces (IJAF) were the unified forces of the Empire of Japan.Formed during the Meiji Restoration in 1868, [1] they were disbanded in 1945, shortly after Japan's defeat to the Allies of World War II; the revised Constitution of Japan, drafted during the Allied occupation of Japan, replaced the IJAF with the present-day Japan Self-Defense Forces.
At the beginning of the Pacific War in 1941, the Imperial Japanese Army contained 51 divisions, 27 of which were stationed in China. A further 13 divisions defended the Manchurian –Soviet border, due to concerns about a possible attack by the Soviet Union. [1] From 1942, troops were sent to Hong Kong (23rd Army), the Philippines (14th Army ...
The General Army (総軍, Sō-gun) was the highest level in the organizational structure of the Imperial Japanese Army. It corresponded to the army group in western military terminology. Intended to be self-sufficient for indefinite periods, the general armies were commanded by either a field marshal or a full general .
The Ranks of the Imperial Japanese Army were the rank insignia of the Imperial Japanese Army, used from its creation in 1868, until its dissolution in 1945 following the Surrender of Japan in World War II. The officer rank names were used for both the Imperial Japanese Army and Imperial Japanese Navy, the only distinction being the placement of ...
Initially, the Army Ministry was in charge of both administration and operational command of the Imperial Japanese Army however, from December 1878, the Imperial Army General Staff Office took over all operational control of the Army, leaving the Army Ministry only with administrative functions.
'Greater Japan Empire Army Air Corps') was the aviation force of the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA). Just as the IJA in general was modeled mainly on the German Army , the IJAAS initially developed along similar lines to the Imperial German Army Aviation ; its primary mission was to provide tactical close air support for ground forces, as well as ...