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The Greek name Γαῖα (Gaia Ancient Greek: or ) is a mostly epic, collateral form of Attic Γῆ (Gē), and Doric Γᾶ (Ga), [3] perhaps identical to Δᾶ (Da), [6] both meaning "Earth". Some scholars believe that the word is of uncertain origin. [ 7 ]
The Greek philosopher Empedocles (c. 450 BC) was the first to propose the four classical elements as a set: fire, earth, air, and water. [9] He called them the four "roots" (ῥιζώματα, rhizōmata). Empedocles also proved (at least to his own satisfaction) that air was a separate substance by observing that a bucket inverted in water did ...
Earth is one of the four classical elements in ancient Greek philosophy and science. It was commonly associated with qualities of heaviness, matter and the terrestrial world. Due to the hero cults, and chthonic underworld deities, the element of earth is also associated with the sensual aspects of both life and death in later occultism.
The Gaia hypothesis posits that the Earth is a self-regulating complex system involving the biosphere, the atmosphere, the hydrospheres and the pedosphere, tightly coupled as an evolving system. The hypothesis contends that this system as a whole, called Gaia, seeks a physical and chemical environment optimal for contemporary life. [13]
An Earth god or Earth goddess is a deification of the Earth associated with a figure with chthonic or terrestrial attributes. There are many different Earth goddesses and gods in many different cultures mythology. However, Earth is usually portrayed as a goddess. Earth goddesses are often associated with the chthonic deities of the underworld. [1]
Terra (mythology) Terra reclining with the Seasons, accompanied by Aion - Uranus within a zodiac wheel (mosaic from Sentinum, AD 200–250, Glyptothek). In ancient Roman religion and mythology, Tellus Mater or Terra Mater[a] ("Mother Earth") is the personification of the Earth. Although Tellus and Terra are hardly distinguishable during the ...
Mother Nature. Joseph Werner: Diana of Ephesus as allegory of Nature, c. 1680. Mother Nature (sometimes known as Mother Earth or the Earth Mother) is a personification of nature that focuses on the life-giving and nurturing aspects of nature by embodying it, in the form of a mother or mother goddess.
Classical elements. According to ancient and medieval science, aether (/ ˈiːθər /, alternative spellings include æther, aither, and ether), also known as the fifth element or quintessence, is the material that fills the region of the universe beyond the terrestrial sphere. [1] The concept of aether was used in several theories to explain ...