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1910–2020 [1] The history of Illinois may be defined by several broad historical periods, namely, the pre-Columbian period, the era of European exploration and colonization, its development as part of the American frontier, its early statehood period, growth in the 19th and 20th centuries, and contemporary Illinois of today.
The Territory of Illinois was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from March 1, 1809, [1] until December 3, 1818, when the southern portion of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Illinois. Its capital was the former French village of Kaskaskia on the Mississippi River (which is still a part ...
Between 1870 and 1900, Chicago grew from a city of 299,000 to nearly 1.7 million and was the fastest-growing city in world history. Chicago's flourishing economy attracted huge numbers of new immigrants from Eastern and Central Europe, especially Jews, Poles, and Italians, along with many smaller groups.
Illinois ranks second in U.S. corn production with more than 1.5 billion bushels produced annually. [153] With a production capacity of 1.5 billion gallons per year, Illinois is a top producer of ethanol, ranking third in the United States in 2011. [154] Illinois is a leader in food manufacturing and meat processing. [155]
1816: The Treaty of St. Louis is signed in St. Louis, Missouri. Ft. Dearborn is rebuilt. 1818: December 3, Illinois joins the Union and becomes a state. 1820 Chicago. 1821 Survey of Chicago. 1830. August 4, Chicago is surveyed and platted for the first time by James Thompson. Population: "Less than 100".
Illinois has a maximum north–south distance of 390 miles (630 km) and 210 miles (340 km) east-west. Total area is 57,918 square miles (150,010 km 2), ranked 25th in size of the 50 states. Water area is 2,325 square miles (6,020 km 2); Lake Michigan accounts for most of this. Charles Mound in the northwest Driftless Area is the highest point ...
The Illinois Country (French: Pays des Illinois [pɛ.i dez‿i.ji.nwa]; lit. ' land of the Illinois people '; Spanish: País de los ilinueses), also referred to as Upper Louisiana (French: Haute-Louisiane [ot.lwi.zjan]; Spanish: Alta Luisiana), was a vast region of New France claimed in the 1600s that later fell under Spanish and British control before becoming what is now part of the ...
Since becoming a state in 1818, 43 people have served as governor of Illinois; before statehood, it had only one territorial governor, Ninian Edwards. The longest-serving governor was James R. Thompson, who was elected to four terms lasting 14 years, from 1977 to 1991. Only one governor, Richard J. Oglesby, has served multiple non-consecutive ...