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India, officially the Republic of India (ISO: Bhārat Gaṇarājya), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area; the most populous country as of June 2023; and from the time of its independence in 1947, the world's most populous democracy.
The name "India" is originally derived from the name of the river Sindhu (Indus River) and has been in use in Greek since Herodotus (5th century BCE). The term appeared in Old English as early as the 9th century and reemerged in Modern English in the 17th century. "Bhārat" gained popularity in India during the nineteenth century.
Indian names are based on a variety of systems and naming conventions, which vary from region to region. In Indian culture, names hold profound significance and play a crucial role in an individual's life. The importance of names is deeply rooted in the country's diverse and ancient cultural heritage. Names are also influenced by religion and ...
India is a federal constitutional republic governed under a parliamentary system consisting of 28 states and 8 union territories. [1] All states, as well as the union territories of Jammu and Kashmir, Puducherry and the National Capital Territory of Delhi, have elected legislatures and governments, both patterned on the Westminster model.
Since India gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1947, names of many cities, streets, places, and buildings throughout the Republic of India have been systematically changed, often to better approximate their native endonymic pronunciation. Certain traditional names that have not been changed, however, continue to be popular.
In 1961, India annexed it as the Union Territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli. The States Reorganisation Act, 1956 reorganised the states based on linguistic lines resulting in the creation of the new states. As a result of this act: Madras State retained its name, with Kanyakumari district added to form Travancore–Cochin.
New Delhi is the largest commercial city in northern India. It has an estimated net State Domestic Product (FY 2010) of ₹1,595 billion (US$20 billion) in nominal terms and ~ ₹6,800 billion (US$85 billion) in PPP terms. [95] As of 2013, the per capita income of Delhi was Rs. 230000, second highest in India after Goa.
Place names in India are usually in Indian languages. Other languages include Portuguese, Dutch, English and Arabic. Since Indian Independence, several Indian cities have adopted pre-English names, most notably Chennai (formerly Madras), Mumbai (formerly Bombay), Kolkata (formerly Calcutta), Bengaluru (formerly Bangalore), Visakhapatnam (formerly Waltair), and Pune (formerly Poona).
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