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France, [a] officially the French Republic, [b] is a country located primarily in Western Europe. It also includes overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans, [XII] giving it one of the largest discontiguous exclusive economic zones in the world.
Between 1982 and 2015, there were 22 regions in Metropolitan France. Before 2011, there were four overseas regions ( French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, and Réunion ); in 2011 Mayotte became the fifth. Former historical province of Provence and County of Nice annexed by France in 1860.
Territorial evolution of France. Dynamic map of the European frontiers of France from 985 to 1947. This article describes the process by which metropolitan France - that part of France that is located in Europe, excluding its various overseas territories - came to consist of the territory it does today. Its current borders date from 1947.
Simplified physical map. The geography of France consists of a terrain that is mostly flat plains or gently rolling hills in the north and west and mountainous in the south (including the Massif Central and the Pyrenees) and the east (the highest points being in the Alps ). Metropolitan France has a total size of 551,695 km 2 (213,011 sq mi ...
Cassini maps Hand-drawn map of one side of the Valley of Vesdre by French geographers (led by the Cassini family) from 1745 to 1748. In France, the first general maps of the territory using a measuring apparatus were made by the Cassini family during the 18th century on a scale of 1:86,400 (one centimeter on the chart corresponds to approximately 864 meters on the ground).
Géoportail. Géoportail is a comprehensive web mapping service of the French government that publishes maps and geophysical aerial photographs from more than 90 sources for France and its territories. The service, first developed by two public agencies (the IGN and the BRGM ), was officially inaugurated on 23 June 2006 by president Jacques ...
Map of the provinces of France as they appeared in 1789. They were abolished the following year. Under the Ancien Régime, the Kingdom of France was subdivided in multiple different ways (judicial, military, ecclesiastical, etc.) into several administrative units, until the National Constituent Assembly adopted a more uniform division into departments (départements) and districts in late 1789.
Toulouse ( / tuːˈluːz / too-LOOZ, [7] French: [tuluz] ⓘ; Occitan: Tolosa [tuˈluzɔ]) is the prefecture of the French department of Haute-Garonne and of the larger region of Occitania. The city is on the banks of the River Garonne, 150 kilometres (93 miles) from the Mediterranean Sea, 230 km (143 mi) from the Atlantic Ocean and 680 km (420 ...