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The distance along the great circle will then be s 12 = Rσ 12, where R is the assumed radius of the Earth and σ 12 is expressed in radians. Using the mean Earth radius , R = R 1 ≈ 6,371 km (3,959 mi) yields results for the distance s 12 which are within 1% of the geodesic length for the WGS84 ellipsoid; see Geodesics on an ellipsoid for ...
The great-circle distance, orthodromic distance, or spherical distance is the distance along a great circle . It is the shortest distance between two points on the surface of a sphere, measured along the surface of the sphere (as opposed to a straight line through the sphere's interior). The distance between two points in Euclidean space is the ...
The haversine function computes half a versine of the angle θ, or the squares of half chord of the angle on a unit circle (sphere). To solve for the distance d, apply the archaversine ( inverse haversine) to h = hav (θ) or use the arcsine (inverse sine) function: or more explicitly: [9] This can be further transform to reduce some math ...
Mileage sign. A mileage sign, sometimes also called a route confirmation sign or simply a distance sign in certain contexts, is a type of road sign along highways that displays the distance from the current point on a highway to a certain city, destination, or a junction to another highway. Their purpose is to inform drivers of the distance to ...
Moreover, for each number of cities there is an assignment of distances between the cities for which the nearest neighbor heuristic produces the unique worst possible tour. (If the algorithm is applied on every vertex as the starting vertex, the best path found will be better than at least N/2-1 other tours, where N is the number of vertices.)
The distance between two points in physical space is the length of a straight line between them, which is the shortest possible path. This is the usual meaning of distance in classical physics, including Newtonian mechanics. Straight-line distance is formalized mathematically as the Euclidean distance in two- and three-dimensional space.
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